Within a few hours, though, it became clear they were losing their gamble. Amid reports of fighting, explosions at the parliament, anti-coup street protests—and even a report of a loyalist jet shooting down a coup-plotters’ helicopter—it was plain that the soldiers had failed to swiftly establish control. That is a key requirement of a successful coup. Gradually, several current and former army commanders, as well as all of the country’s major political parties, denounced the subversion of democracy. The leaders of the West—led by Barack Obama, Angela Merkel and the European Union's top officials—came down firmly on the side of Turkey’s elected but deeply flawed president, Recep Tayyip Erdogan.
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Whether or not the attempted coup has failed, it will have severe repercussions for Turkish democracy. If Mr Erdogan survives it, he will emerge stronger and more determined than ever to crack down on domestic opponents. His long-running quest to grant himself even more political power by changing the constitution to create an executive presidency will only be strengthened. If he is overthrown, the coup-makers will face furious resistance not only from Mr Erdogan’s supporters but from those Turks convinced that the only thing worse than Mr Erdogan’s increasingly authoritarian rule is to be ruled by the generals. Further bloodshed may be in store.