In the early republic, New Englanders promoted their own brand of states’ rights, to protect a type of near-sovereignty they attributed to their legislatures, as the best way to promote their interests and shield individuals from distant oppression.
New Englanders’ states’ rights movement was a function of their concept of union, or empire before that, which in turn was informed by a mix of experience, tradition, and circumstance. New Englanders had gotten used to themselves as a group apart for at least the previous century. Geography and rival colonial powers saw to that, thanks to New Amsterdam and New France in the seventeenth century, as well as the general homogeneity of the region in ethnicity and religion of its colonists. Benjamin Franklin’s famous “Join or Die” illustration depicts New England (N.E.) as a single unit alongside other colonies depicted individually. The British Ministry can be said to have recognized New England as an entity, and the proverbial head of the revolutionary snake, when it looked to cut it off entirely at the Hudson River in 1777, rather than the parallel Connecticut River, which runs through the heart of New England.