Writers such as Ana Maria Costa have noted that BEMFAM distributed contraceptive methods “without criteria and without clinical monitoring” which posed a danger to women who received services from the organization (2009, 1075) CPAIMC also held nonprofit status and was financed by the United States' Agency for International Development (USAID) by means of Family Planning International Assistance (FPIA), the Pathfinder Foundation, and other organizations. CPAIMC's activities promoted an interventionist ideology regarding contraception within Brazilian medical community (Costa 2009). The organization financed professionals who provided medical training for doctors who performed surgical sterilizations by donating equipment and subsidizing their activities (Costa 2009). Organizations such as BEMFAM and CPAIMC were also instrumental in promoting population-control policies in Brazil, which sought to curb reproduction among poor and nonwhite populations. Such policies gave little regard to women's health needs beyond reproduction.