In Taney's opinion in
Ex Parte Merryman, Taney wrote, “The clause in the Constitution which authorizes the suspension of the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus is in the ninth section of the first article [the article on the federal
legislature's powers]. This article is devoted to the Legislative Department of the United States, and has not the slightest reference to the Executive Department,”
Taney noted that he didn’t have the physical power to enforce the writ in this case because of the nature of the conflict at hand. “I have exercised all the power which the Constitution and laws confer on me, but that power has been resisted by a force too strong for me to overcome,” he said. Taney ordered a copy of his opinion be sent directly to President Lincoln.
Lincoln didn’t respond directly or immediately to the
Ex Parte Merryman decision. Instead, he waited until
a July 4th address to confront Taney at a special session of Congress.
“Soon after the first call for militia it was considered a duty to authorize the Commanding General in proper cases, according to his discretion, to suspend the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus, or, in other words, to arrest and detain without resort to the ordinary processes and forms of law such individuals as he might deem dangerous to the public safety,” Lincoln said. “Are all the laws but one to go unexecuted, and the Government itself go to pieces lest that one be violated? Even in such a case, would not the official oath be broken if the Government should be overthrown when it was believed that disregarding the single law would tend to preserve it?”
Lincoln's logic is that, since one federal law was violated with impunity somewhere, the president was not longer bound by any federal law anywhere.
“Now it is insisted that Congress, and not the Executive, is vested with this power; but
the Constitution itself is silent as to which or who is to exercise the power; [no it most certainly is not silent] and as the provision was plainly made for a dangerous emergency, it can not be believed the framers of the instrument intended that in every case the danger should run its course until Congress could be called together, the very assembling of which might be prevented, as was intended in this case, by the rebellion,” Lincoln argued.
Using Lincoln's logic, if the president says, that a federal law is being violated somewhere, the president can arrest without charges anyone anywhere as long as the president says he deems the situation a "dangerous emergency."
And this is the guy with a Roman temple dedicated to him in Washington.
If Trump does the exact same thing, will Lincoln lovers applaud as vehemently?